The Effect of Pre-pregnancy Weight in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Neonatal Birth Weight

Methods:

Ninety GDM pregnancies were retrospectively enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: Group I, PP-BMI<25.0 kg/m2 (normal, n=30), Group II, PP-BMI=25-29.9 kg/m2 (overweight, n=39) and Group III, PP-BMI>30.0kg/m2 (obese, n=21). Carpenter-Couston criteria modifiedfrom Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes were used for GDM diagnosis. Infants born from these mothers were also divided as appropriate for gestational age and LGA

Results:

There were no differences with respect to age, gestational age at admission, mean HbA1c levels, mode of delivery and perinatal mortality between groups. On the other hand, number of LGA infants was significantly higher in Group III. There were no difference about neonatal complications between groups including; hypoglycemia, sepsis, polycythemia, respiratory distress and hospitalization during neonatal period. Indirect hyperbilirubinemia was the cause of hospitalization detected in Group II.

Conclusion:

Good glycemic control in GDM patients was not seem to be enough in reducing the LGA babies. Overweight patients should be treated before pregnancy, and during pregnancy good glycemic control must be assured so that LGA babies and neonatal complications can be decreased

Objective:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the glucose intolerance detected during pregnancy. The most common neonatal complication of these mothers is macrosomic or large for gestational age (LGA) babies. We evaluated the pre-pregnancy body mass index (PP-BMI) and the effects of glycemic control on the frequency of neonatal complications and macrosomia in GDM pregnancies