ÖZ
Spinal tümörleri farklı anatomik kompartmanlarda gözlenir ve birçok histopatolojik alt tip içermektedir. Ancak mevcut literatürdeki çoğu çalışma, sınırlı sayıda tümör tipine veya belirli alt gruplara odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, spinal tümörlerinin kapsamlı bir analizini sunmayı ve klinik ve patolojik özelliklerine daha geniş bir bakış açısı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. 2010 ile 2023 yılları arasında omurilik veya vertebral kolondan köken alan spinal tümörler nedeniyle opere edilen hastaların klinik verileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, ilk semptomları, histopatolojik özellikler, tümörün lokalizasyonu ve anatomik kompartmanları gibi karakteristik özellikler değerlendirilmiştir. Serimizdeki spinal tümörlerinin yaklaşık yarısı ekstradural kompartmanda yer almaktadır. Bunların arasında metastatik tümörler vakaların %68'ini oluşturmaktadır ve tüm spinal tümörlerinin %31'ini temsil etmektedir. İntradural kompartmandaki patolojik alt tipler, sıklık sırası azalan şekilde: schwannoma, menenjioma, ependiyoma ve astrositik tümörler; primer vertebral kolon tümörleri arasında kordoma, hemanjiyom ve kondrosarkom yer almaktadır. Lokal ağrı, özellikle metastazlarda (%75,2) en sık görülen başlangıç semptomuydu. Motor defisit ise en sık glial tümörlerle (%63,0) gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, cerrahi olarak tedavi edilen spinal tümörlerin geniş bir patolojik spektrumda olduğunu göstermektedir. Artan tanı oranlarına rağmen, bu bulgular spinal metastazlarda cerrahi müdahalede gerekliliğinde ılımlı bir artış olduğunu göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Kordoma, ekstradural tümörler, intradural tümörler, primer spinal tümörler, spinal metastazlar
Kaynaklar
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